PeakBench is a new benchmark designed to evaluate how large language model agents invoke multiple tools while respecting resource constraints and parallel execution. It provides executable multi‑tool workflows with dependency annotations and measured resource profiles, and introduces a two‑part evaluation framework that separates logical planning from physical scheduling. The study shows that strong logical planning alone does not guarantee safe or efficient execution, and that providing resource information can reduce overflows and improve utilization.
By Zhi-Kai Chen, Xu-Xiang Zhong, Song-Yan Li, De-Chuan Zhan, Han-Jia Ye
arXiv:2608. 12282v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agents deployed in enterprise settings must reason across structured APIs and document collections, yet existing benchmarks evaluate these capabilities in isolation.
By Ankita Rajaram Naik, Anupama Murthi, Benjamin Elder, Siyu Huo, Raavi Gupta, Abhinav Jain, Praveen Venkateswaran, Abdulhamid Adebayo, Danish Contractor
Toollery is a training‑free framework that compresses candidate lists for large language model agents, enabling efficient selection from thousands of skills and tools. It generates user‑intent queries from each skill or tool specification, builds a retrieval index, and limits online selection to a compact top‑k set before the LLM makes its final decision. Evaluations on the SkillRouter benchmark, BFCL‑V4, and a proprietary smart‑cockpit dataset show that Toollery improves recall and end‑to‑end selection while keeping selection costs bounded.
By Xiangxi Tian, Ran Guan
The paper introduces Tool Primitives, a design that replaces rigid API schemas with natural language interfaces for tool calling, enabling seamless inter-tool communication. It builds ToolFace, a repository of over 25,000 functions that LLMs can dynamically retrieve, and HEART, a harness engineering framework that orchestrates tool use with planning, routing, and verification. Experiments show HEART outperforms fine‑tuned models and leading commercial LLMs while cutting API costs by up to 85%.
By Haibo Jin, Suijin Wang, Xucheng Yu, Haojing Luo, Haohan Wang
arXiv:2606. 12451v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models deployed as agents over large tool catalogs face a critical tool-retrieval bottleneck.
By Ashutosh Hathidara, Sai Shruthi Sistla, Sebastian Schreiber, Sahil Bansal
arXiv:2511. 17006v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Scaling test-time computation has been extended from language model reasoning to tool-augmented agents, where scaling involves not only thinking in tokens but also acting via tool calls that directly constrain environmental interaction.
By Tengxiao Liu, Zifeng Wang, Jin Miao, I-Hung Hsu, Jun Yan, Jiefeng Chen, Rujun Han, Fangyuan Xu, Yanfei Chen, Ke Jiang, Samira Daruki, Yi Liang, William Yang Wang, Tomas Pfister, Chen-Yu Lee
arXiv:2609.06059v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: As large language models evolve from question-answering systems into general-purpose agents, evaluation must move beyond static answer correctness to a...
By Yu Liu, Zhilin Liu, Zhiwei Yang, Shaojie Zhang, Zheyuan Deng, Tingwei Huang, Zhenbo Luo, Lei Jiang, Yanbing Liu, Pei Fu
arXiv:2608. 03071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model agents derive much of their capability from tool use.
By Guoyao Yu, Xiaoqing Sun, Ziqi Huang, Shaojing Fan, Zhongyi Zhang, Xiaomeng Hu, Xiaobo Xue, Yangyang Shi, Xiong Xiao, Yang Song, Biao Lyu, Rong Wen, Xing Li, Qinming He, Shunming Zhu, Zhenguang Liu
arXiv:2606. 03657v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models for code generation often need to use APIs that are absent from their pretraining data.
By Jinnuo Liu, Yue Peng, Jinhan Niu, Hongyi Wen
arXiv:2607. 27083v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLM agents increasingly depend on diverse external services such as search engines, databases, and connectors, agent harnesses face a fundamental tool-selection challenge: acquiring too few tools leaves the task under-informed, while too many adds cost, context load, and privacy exposure.
By Yicheng Feng, Yan Zhang, Yan Cheng, Wei Qi
arXiv:2607. 20468v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents are increasingly used to automate research and development tasks, yet existing benchmarks typically evaluate them on prescribed workflows or narrow action spaces.
By Jehyeok Yeon, Ben Rank, Maksym Andriushchenko
UniToolCall introduces a unified framework for tool-use in large language model agents, standardizing toolset construction, dataset generation, and evaluation. The framework aggregates over 22,000 tools and creates a hybrid training corpus of more than 390,000 instances by combining ten public datasets with synthetically generated, structurally controlled trajectories. It models diverse interaction patterns—single‑hop vs. multi‑hop, single‑turn vs. multi‑turn, serial vs. parallel execution—and adds an Anchor Linkage mechanism to enforce cross‑turn dependencies, while converting seven public benchmarks into a common Query–Action–Observation–Answer format for fine‑grained evaluation.
By Yijuan Liang, Xinghao Chen, Yifan Ge, Ziyi Wu, Hao Wu, Changyu Zeng, Wei Xing, Xiaoyu Shen