arXiv AI By Weiliang Chen, Song Liao

RATED: Reliability-Aware AI Agent Tool Retrieval via Execution Dynamics

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RATED (Reliability‑Aware Tool Retrieval via Execution Dynamics) is a retrieval framework that blends robust semantic matching with dynamic reliability adaptation for AI agents using external tools. It uses a frozen dual‑encoder with contrastive fine‑tuning for semantic relevance and a lightweight contextual bandit module that re‑ranks tool candidates based on real‑time execution feedback, allowing rapid adaptation to runtime failures without costly retraining. The EcoAgent benchmark, comprising 5,172 real‑world tools and over 210,000 query‑tool pairs, shows that RATED improves mean reciprocal rank by 52.2% over the ToolLLM API retriever and cuts fault selection from 86.2% to 2.9% during severe API outages, with negligible latency overhead.

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