arXiv:2605.30219v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Long-horizon interactions require language models to manage accumulating information: when to update their state, when to preserve their state, and...
arXiv:2606. 31422v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Language agents acting over long horizons must maintain beliefs about tool states, object locations, graph edges, and subgoal dependencies.
arXiv:2606. 31422v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon language agents do not only choose actions; they carry a private model of the world from one decision to the next.
arXiv:2610.17310v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language-model agents are expected to adapt to others whose behavior changes through interaction. Yet adaptation may rely on learned behavioral pattern...
Beyond Memory: Harnessing Long-Horizon Agents with Explicit Belief States introduces PoS, an inference-time framework that builds and maintains explicit belief states to guide large language model agents. Each belief state combines an estimate of the current world with unresolved task requirements, making clear what the agent still needs to learn and accomplish. PoS validates consistency, monitors task progress to detect Belief Trapping, and tailors recovery to the trapping pattern and unresolved requirements, achieving top performance across four benchmarks with all three LLM backbones.
MetaRAG introduces a belief-action aligned policy optimization framework for agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). It incorporates Verify-first Action Generation and Internal Belief Probing to assess whether the current evidence is sufficient before taking an action, and uses a consistency reward gated by answer correctness to guide training. Experiments on seven public QA benchmarks demonstrate that MetaRAG improves the accuracy-efficiency trade-off over existing RL-based agentic RAG baselines, with benefits that transfer across research settings, optimizers, and model backbones.
arXiv:2606. 16432v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: User instructions are often underspecified because humans rely on implicit assumptions about the surrounding environment.
arXiv:2604. 19775v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents capable of reasoning, planning, and acting within interactive environments.
arXiv:2603. 12109v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a de facto paradigm for building LLM-based agents that act, interact, and reason over extended task horizons.
arXiv:2607. 04334v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal GUI agents read an interface through two redundant channels: the rendered pixels of a screenshot and a serialized structure such as a DOM or accessibility tree.
arXiv:2609.00455v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are being used as policies for autonomous decision-making and planning in many domains. Despite their strong reasoning cap...
arXiv:2609.07943v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: There is significant uncertainty about whether abstractions like beliefs or desires usefully describe the behavior of large language models (LLMs). In...