arXiv AI By Qiuyi Qi, Tian Liang, Jiamu Wang, Jinjian Zhang, Wei Zhou, Pengcheng Zhu, Linjian Mo, Ming Kong, Jie Liu, Qiang Zhu

MetaRAG: Belief-Action Aligned Policy Optimization for Agentic RAG

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MetaRAG introduces a belief-action aligned policy optimization framework for agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). It incorporates Verify-first Action Generation and Internal Belief Probing to assess whether the current evidence is sufficient before taking an action, and uses a consistency reward gated by answer correctness to guide training. Experiments on seven public QA benchmarks demonstrate that MetaRAG improves the accuracy-efficiency trade-off over existing RL-based agentic RAG baselines, with benefits that transfer across research settings, optimizers, and model backbones.

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