The paper surveys the state of Explainable AI (XAI) in Arabic NLP, highlighting three gaps: a method gap where Arabic XAI relies mainly on limited post‑hoc techniques; a task gap with most work focused on classification tasks and little on generation, retrieval, or dialogue; and a linguistic gap where explanations rarely address Arabic‑specific phenomena such as morphology, dialects, and diglossia. It proposes a taxonomy of tasks, methods, linguistic units, and evaluation practices, and outlines a research agenda for linguistically grounded Arabic XAI.
By Salima Lamsiyah, Ruslan Mitkov
Text detoxification, the automated detection and mitigation of abusive and harmful content, is essential for ensuring the safety of online communities and protecting users. However, low resource languages such as Tatar have received little research attention.
arXiv:2603.04410v3 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: While different stakeholders are trying to leverage Arabic Language Models (ALMs), safety alignment in ALMs remains largely underexplored, hi...
By Omar Abdelnasser, Fatemah Alharbi, Khaled Khasawneh, Ihsen Alouani, Mohammed E. Fouda
arXiv:2608.01291v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: We present ArabicDialectSafety, a human-curated Arabic safety dataset of 25,071 prompts covering six Arabic varieties: Modern Standard Arabic, Syri...
By Wajdi Zaghouani, Md. Rafiul Biswas, Kholoud Khalil Aldous, Mabrouka Bessghaier
arXiv:2507. 10177v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant advancements in natural language processing tasks, their effectiveness in the classification and transformation of abusive text into non-abusive versions remains an area for exploration.
By Rohitash Chandra, Jiyong Choi, Jayesh Sonawane
The paper introduces BARRAC, a method that adapts an English aspect‑based sentiment analysis framework for Arabic dialect classification tasks. It replaces English consumer‑review attribute pools with Arabic linguistic markers for sentiment, sarcasm, and dialect identification, and swaps noisy self‑training for a two‑stage training process. Evaluated on five Arabic dialect datasets, BARRAC achieves a mean macro‑F1 of 63.93%, surpassing the best few‑label state‑of‑the‑art by 3% and outperforming GPT‑4o on four of the five tasks, while error analysis highlights remaining challenges.
By Ali Almutairi, Gelareh Mohammadi, Imran Razzak, Aditya Joshi
arXiv:2609.22796v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Dialectal Arabic machine translation (MT) remains challenging despite recent progress in Arabic language technologies, particularly because effective t...
By Abdellah El Mekki, AbdelRahim A. Elmadany, Samar M. Magdy, Saad Ezzini, Mo El-Haj, Mustafa Jarrar, Zaid Alyafeai, Bernard Ghanem, Muhammad Abdul-Mageed
arXiv:2606.13218v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Arabic and Hebrew, as closely related Semitic languages, share many words with similar surface forms, including true cognates, false friends, and m...
By Junhong Liang, Noor Abo Mokh, Bashar Alhafni
The paper introduces Mawqif-XT, a new Arabic benchmark dataset comprising 996 manually annotated tweets from three public targets: Women Driving, E-Cars, and Trimester System. Each tweet is labeled for stance, sentiment, and sarcasm following the Mawqif annotation scheme, and the dataset is intended as a held‑out evaluation set to test cross‑target generalization. Baseline results are provided using Arabic and multilingual transformer models as well as zero‑shot large language models, enabling reproducible evaluation alongside the original Mawqif dataset.
By Rasha Albalawi, Nuha Albadi, Hamzah Luqman, Maram Kurdi, Saad Ezzini, Asma Yamani, Ahmed Ashraf
arXiv:2608.21985v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: As the adoption of large language models (LLMs) grows in Arabic-speaking regions, ensuring their safety and cultural alignment is increasingly critical...
By Fidaa Abed, Haidar Khan, M Saiful Bari, Babar Khan, Abdalghani Abujabal
A new large-scale Arabic fact‑checking dataset called Arafa has been created using an automated pipeline that generates claims from Arabic Wikipedia, mutates them into counterfactuals, and validates them against supporting or refuting evidence. The dataset contains 181,976 claim‑evidence pairs labeled as supported, refuted, or not enough information, and human evaluation shows high inter‑annotator agreement and strong validation accuracy. Fine‑tuned transformer models on Arafa achieve a Macro F1‑score of 77%, demonstrating its usefulness for Arabic fact‑checking tasks.
By Christophe Khalil, Shady Elbassuoni, Rida Assaf
arXiv:2510. 10961v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As language models become increasingly deployed in online environments, toxicity detection and detoxification have received growing attention.
By Yejin Lee, Su-Hyeon Kim, Hyundong Jin, Dayoung Kim, Yeonsoo Kim, Yo-Sub Han