Benchmarks and evaluation

Leaderboards, eval harnesses and ablations — the contested business of deciding which model is actually better.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 27

gp2Scale: A Class of Compactly Supported Non-Stationary Kernels and Distributed Computing for Exact Gaussian Processes on 10 Million Data Points

arXiv:2512. 06143v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite a large corpus of recent work on scaling up Gaussian processes, a stubborn trade-off between computational speed, prediction and uncertainty quantification accuracy, and customizability persists.

By Marcus M. Noack, Mark D. Risser, Hengrui Luo, Vardaan Tekriwal, Ronald J. Pandolfi
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 27

Molt: A Scalable PyTorch-Native Training Framework for Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2607. 21653v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic reinforcement learning research is constant algorithm modification, new estimators, new pipeline stages, new rollout schemes, and in mainstream frameworks each change threads through layers of trainer, distributed backend, and rollout glue: the cost lands on the researcher at every iteration.

By Jian Hu, Huiying Li, Hao Zhang, Binfeng Xu, Yifan Zhang, Shaokun Zhang, Hemil Desai, Michael Demoret, Pavlo Molchanov, Jan Kautz, Yi Dong
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 27

Safe In-Context Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2509. 25582v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In-context reinforcement learning (ICRL) is an emerging RL paradigm where an agent, after pretraining, can adapt to out-of-distribution test tasks without any parameter updates, instead relying on an expanding context of interaction history.

By Amir Moeini, Minjae Kwon, Alper Kamil Bozkurt, Yuichi Motai, Rohan Chandra, Lu Feng, Shangtong Zhang
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 27

Explainable quantum-compressed machine learning for complex fluid flows

arXiv:2607. 21688v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine-learning surrogates of physical systems face a paradox: explainable models facing the challenge of expressivity to capture complex nonlinear flows, whereas expressive deep surrogates match high-fidelity simulations only through massive parameterisations that turn the learned dynamics into a black box.

By Xiao Xue, Maida Wang, Mingyang Gao, Minh Chung, Peter V. Coveney
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 27

Optimization of time-consuming experimental conditions using pseudo-experimental data guided by adaptive polynomial regression

arXiv:2607. 22238v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Bayesian optimization (BO) is an optimization method that sequentially proposes the next candidate explainable variables for optimizing target variables by balancing exploration and exploitation.

By Hirotaka Sugawara, Yujin Taguchi, Kei Minagawa, Yusuke Hiki, Takashi Morikura, Akira Funahashi