arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 4

Breaking the Scale Barrier: One-Shot Knowledge Transfer via Frequency Transform

arXiv:2603. 07523v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Transferring knowledge by fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained networks has become a standard paradigm for downstream tasks, yet the knowledge of a pre-trained model is tightly coupled with monolithic architecture, which restricts flexible reuse across models of varying scales.

By Jianlu Shen, Fu Feng, Yucheng Xie, Jiaqi Lv, Xin Geng
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 23

High-Value Training Data from Noisy, Diverse Sources

The paper presents a scalable method for learning dataweights that optimizes training-example importance using metagradients, guided by a small high‑quality target dataset. It introduces parametric weighting rules that generalize to new and streaming data and can transfer from smaller to larger models. Applied to reward modeling, the learned weights improve held‑out performance, adapt models to specialized domains, and enable human‑synthetic supervision mixtures to outperform either source alone.

By Hedi Driss, Evan Frick, Anastasios N. Angelopoulos, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Yejin Huh, Tijana Zrnic, Andrew Ilyas
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 19

Physics-Transfer Learning: A Physics-Constrained Theory for Zero-Shot Generalization Along the Ladder of Complexity

Physics-Transfer Learning (PT) is a physics-constrained learning theory that enables zero-shot generalization across domains of increasing complexity. PT builds chains of anchor domains (CADs) linking low-cost source domains to complex targets and introduces computable feasibility and reliability indicators to assess transfer before target labels are available. The authors derive an upper bound on target risk under physical-consistency and stable-representation assumptions, and demonstrate PT’s effectiveness on quantum excited-state energy prediction and classical dynamical-transition prediction, achieving accurate high-fidelity predictions across substantial distribution shifts.

By Yingjie Zhao, Zhiping Xu