arXiv AI By Mingzi Cao, Xi Wang, Nikolaos Aletras

Upcycling Language Models for Multiple Specialized Domains

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The paper introduces Domain‑Specialized Upcycling (DS‑Upcycling), a method that expands a dense Transformer with domain‑specific experts and a router to improve multi‑domain adaptation. Unlike prior LoRA‑based adapters that either weight all domains equally or activate all experts, DS‑Upcycling trains a domain‑aware router to select the appropriate expert while freezing other parameters. Experiments demonstrate superior average performance across domains and high routing accuracy (90‑98%) with only 256 examples per domain.

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