Unveiling Language Routing Isolation in Multilingual MoE Models for Interpretable Subnetwork Adaptation
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The study examines whether Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models develop linguistically structured expert routing during bilingual language acquisition. Using a decoder-only English‑German MoE Transformer trained with sequential language exposure, the authors probe token‑level routing distributions and measure category‑dependent specialization via mutual information, routing entropy, and Jensen‑Shannon distance. Results show that a curriculum‑trained model peaks at a mutual information of 0.1148 at layer 5, while a no‑curriculum baseline trained on mixed data achieves a higher peak of 0.2599 at the same layer, indicating stronger aggregate specialization. Replication with a second training seed reveals that the no‑curriculum condition’s specialization focuses on a single language in a seed‑dependent way, whereas the curriculum consistently yields a stable, language‑balanced routing profile, suggesting that staged bilingual exposure reduces single‑language dominance.
We investigate whether Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models develop linguistically structured expert routing during bilingual language acquisition. Inspired by the Declarative-Procedural framework...
The paper introduces RARE, a router‑agnostic representation engineering framework for Mixture‑of‑Experts language models. RARE projects behavioral perturbations onto the null space of the router matrix to avoid affecting routing, and corrects downstream routing drift. Experiments on six open‑weight MoE models show that RARE improves steering tasks—reducing harmfulness, increasing truthfulness, and enhancing factual editing—while preserving overall model accuracy.
arXiv:2608. 06396v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models route each token through a small subset of experts, making routing patterns useful for identifying task-relevant experts during downstream adaptation.
arXiv:2411. 00918v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Mixture of experts (MoE) architectures have become a cornerstone for scaling up and are a key component in most large language models such as GPT-OSS, DeepSeek-V3, Llama-4, and Gemini-2.
arXiv:2606. 16456v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models enable efficient scaling, but training them from scratch remains prohibitively expensive.