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arXiv Machine Learning By Mohammed Abdel Razek

Universal Observatory Graphs for Distributed Sky Coverage and Artificial Intelligence Based Interplanetary Routing

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The paper introduces the Universal Observatory Graph (UOG), an AI‑driven framework that models autonomous observatories at L2 Lagrange points as nodes in a weighted graph, with edges defined by interplanetary distance, latency, transmission power, and reliability. Using a six‑observatory Solar System configuration (Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune), the authors evaluate instantaneous sky coverage with three methods, all showing complete network union coverage and modest overlap. They formulate communication routing as a finite‑horizon Markov decision process solved via tabular Q‑learning, identifying the Earth‑Saturn‑Uranus‑Neptune path as the highest‑return route among 41 feasible simple paths under a four‑hop constraint.

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