arXiv AI By Hanyang Li, Jianhao Ma, Ying Cui

Understanding Quantization-Aware Training: Gradients at Quantized Weights Bias to the Low-Loss Basin

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arXiv:2606. 09012v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Post-training quantization (PTQ) converts a trained full-precision model into low-bit weights without task-level retraining, while quantization-aware training (QAT) incorporates quantization into the training loop.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 11

Why Does Post-Training Quantization Work?

Post‑training quantization compresses large language models by storing weights at reduced precision, introducing errors into hidden states that could accumulate with depth. However, pretrained models accumulate far less hidden‑state error than randomly initialized ones, largely preserving downstream performance. The study identifies two key mechanisms: (1) each layer’s new error tends to oppose inherited error, partially canceling it, and (2) the LM‑head geometry preserves high‑rank token scores, mitigating output changes.

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