arXiv AI By Jainil Dharmil Shah

Triple-Bottom-Line Sustainability of Language Models for Edge AI: A Comparison Between SLMs and Quantized LLMs

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The paper compares the sustainability of native small language models (SLMs) versus large language models (LLMs) compressed via post‑training quantization for edge AI deployment. Using a Holistic Sustainability Score (HSS) that balances capability, efficiency, and safety, the study evaluates 30 configurations across five benchmarks, latency, VRAM, energy, and harmful‑prompt robustness. Results show that optimized quantized LLMs can outperform SLMs overall, while SLMs remain competitive due to lower resource demands, challenging the assumption that native SLMs are always the most sustainable choice.

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