arXiv AI By Guangyu Zhao, Yongchang Zhang, Haoxuan Ru, Kaichen He, Haoran Wen, Kun Zhan, Zeyu Zhang, Yin Li, Yiwu Zhong

STAR: Steering Action Representations during Inference

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The paper introduces STAR (Steering Action Representations), a training‑free inference technique for vision‑language‑action models that addresses a late‑layer grounding gap. STAR applies an exponential moving average over late‑layer residual updates, enabling later action representations to inherit object‑aware update directions from earlier layers without changing the model. By incorporating recent proprioceptive states to adjust mixing strength, STAR improves object awareness in late layers and boosts average task success rates by 4.0 percentage points on robot manipulation benchmarks.

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