arXiv AI By Ha Minh Hieu, Tongyao Zhu, Do Xuan Long, Min-Yen Kan

SpecEvo: Speculative Evolution with Large Language Models for Cost-Efficient Scientific Discovery

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SpecEvo is a multi‑Large Language Model framework that uses lightweight models to generate and refine candidate programs while an Advisor consolidates evidence from successes and failures. At sparse checkpoints, a frontier‑model Navigator intervenes with synthesis or refinement to address search stagnation. Across 176 tasks in scientific and algorithmic domains, SpecEvo matches or surpasses frontier‑model baselines, cuts API cost by up to 80%, and improves evaluation efficiency and benchmark performance.

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