arXiv Machine Learning October 3, 2026 By Kuo Zhou, ZiXion Yang, Lu Zhang

SkillEvoLean: Mutation-enhanced skill evolution for Lean provers

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SkillEvoLean introduces a mutation‑enhanced skill evolution framework for Lean theorem provers, jointly refining a high‑level solving policy and its reference knowledge. The method combines progressive updates from successful and failed proof trajectories with mutation‑based exploration when no complete proof is found, sampling mathematical concepts to generate new skill candidates. Evaluations on MiniF2F, PutnamBench, IMO 2025, and USAMO 2026 show significant proof success improvements over baseline approaches.

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