The paper introduces PRISMA, a generative framework that separates precipitation prior training from sensor-specific constraints, allowing flexible composition of heterogeneous satellite observations without retraining the core model. By integrating FY‑4B/AGRI, GPM/GMI, F16‑F18 SSMIS, and GPM/DPR‑Ka data, PRISMA consistently improves precipitation‑estimation accuracy and outperforms IMERG Final in CRPS and RMSE while maintaining positive Brier skill across thresholds. The framework supports rapid, accurate ensemble precipitation estimates, enhancing satellite‑based monitoring for hydrometeorological hazards.
By Yunfan Yang, Haofei Sun, Xiuyu Sun, Wei Han, Xiaoze Xu, Xingtao Song, Jun Li, Zhiqiu Gao, Wei Huang
arXiv:2609.39833v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Extreme rainfall events are increasing in intensity and frequency as climate change accelerates. While kilometer-scale precipitation forecasts are crit...
By Pierre-Louis Lemaire, Luca Schmidt, Wietze Suijker, Alex Hernandez-Garcia, David Rolnick
The paper introduces CD-FFM, a functional flow‑matching model that treats high‑resolution climate fields as continuous random fields, allowing queries at any location and resolution. Unlike grid‑based generative downscalers, CD‑FFM uses a pointwise velocity field and a noise prior fitted to the observed spectrum, giving each observation an exact likelihood. Applied to downscaling ERA5 temperature to 1 km over Fennoscandia, CD‑FFM improves the continuous ranked probability score by 27–31 % over regression and 12–18 % over a larger neural operator, while being about fifty times faster than a CorrDiff‑style diffusion model and also effective for precipitation.
By Zhi-Song Liu, Helmi Toropainen, Ammar Kheder, Michael Boy
arXiv:2606. 07898v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-resolution regional climate simulations provide critical information for climate impacts assessments but remain computationally expensive, motivating the development of machine-learning downscalers and emulators.
By Karandeep Singh, Stefan Rahimi, Chad W. Thackeray, Stephen Cropper, Alex Hall
The paper introduces lightweight probabilistic downscaling models that build on a modified U‑Net backbone, adapting two recent machine learning techniques from weather forecasting. Using a two‑stage training curriculum—deterministic pretraining followed by probabilistic fine‑tuning—the authors evaluate their models on the CORDEX‑ML‑Bench suite for daily maximum temperature and precipitation in the Alps, New Zealand, and South Africa. The results show that this approach outperforms the current state‑of‑the‑art in RMSE, offering a more computationally efficient method for generating fine‑resolution regional climate data.
By Joseph McLean, Tiffany Vlaar, Sigrid Passano Hellan, Linus Ericsson
arXiv:2608.30205v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Localized extreme precipitation is a major trigger of urban flash floods and landslides, yet producing nowcasts that combine fine spatial detail with p...
By Dohyun Park, Changhoon Song, Tengyuan Chang, Yoo-Geun Ham, Youngjoon Hong