arXiv AI
Aug 24

When Vocabulary Comprehension Fails Clinical Reasoning: Evaluating Therapy Bots' Safety Risks for Generation Alpha

The paper evaluates the safety of conversational AI therapy bots for Generation Alpha, revealing that while these models understand 76‑82% of youth‑specific vocabulary, they correctly assess clinical risk only 64‑72% of the time, creating a significant vocabulary‑comprehension gap. Six failure patterns—such as sarcasm masking, minimization acceptance, and semantic drift—were identified, with compounded errors leading to a 94% miss rate when three or more patterns co‑occur. The authors estimate 146,880 missed crises annually and recommend mandatory human‑in‑the‑loop systems, quarterly youth‑specific validation, transparent performance disclosure, and regulatory oversight for youth‑facing mental health AI.

By Manisha Mehta, Virendra Mehta
arXiv AI
Sep 24

Safety Nudges: User-Facing Interventions for Real-Time AI Risk Awareness

The paper introduces Safety Nudges, a browser-based tool that displays lightweight, in situ flags when a conversational AI exhibits risky behavior such as hallucination or overconfidence. In a two‑week field study with 45 frequent chatbot users, participants reported that the nudges were useful, clear, and minimally disruptive, and most felt more aware of potential AI harms. However, increased awareness did not automatically translate into measurable changes in user behavior, underscoring the need for relevance, calibration, and user control in nudge design.

By Varshini Elangovan, James Wedgwood, Chhavi Yadav, William Agnew, Sauvik Das, Virginia Smith