arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 23

Route-and-Generate: KL-Regularized Router Improvement for Reasoning Routing in LLMs

Route-and-Generate (Rouge) is a hierarchical training framework that lets large language models decide how much reasoning to apply to each input. It separates reasoning effort from answer generation by using a routing policy that distributes a fixed sampling budget across different reasoning formats, while the base model is trained with GRPO and per-sample rewards. The method employs a rank‑based reward favoring shorter correct solutions and updates the router through a closed‑form KL‑regularized policy improvement, leading to more concise answers on easy tasks and longer reasoning on harder ones, thereby improving accuracy‑efficiency trade‑offs on multiple reasoning benchmarks.

By Tien-Phat Nguyen, Truong Nguyen, Thanh-Thien Le, Hoang Phan, Thien Huu Nguyen, Linh Ngo Van, Trung Le
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 22

A Strong MoE Is All You Need for Process Supervision

The paper demonstrates that expert routing statistics in Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models can serve as an intrinsic process-confidence signal, rivaling conventional output-logit confidence. Leveraging this insight, the authors develop RoCo-Rethink, which selectively regenerates uncertain reasoning steps, and RoCo-PRM, which automatically annotates reasoning trajectories using routing-derived step scores and distills them into a standalone process reward model. Across various MoE architectures and reasoning tasks, both methods outperform strong baselines and transfer effectively between models and tasks.

By Guanzhi Deng, Zengyan Liu, Haibo Wang, Kuan Wu, Shing Yin Wong, Sichun Luo, Zhuoran Wang, Linqi Song
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 5

Beyond Solving: Prescriptive Probing for Neural Routing Solvers

arXiv:2602. 07216v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) trains fast heuristics for routing problems, but planners often need more than a single solve: they ask which stop to drop, which transition to preserve, or which subset of stops to remove if a route is infeasible.

By Reuben Narad, L\'eonard Boussioux, Michael Wagner