arXiv AI By Simran Kaur, Narutatsu Ri, Yinghui He, Liam Fowl, Sanjeev Arora

Rethinking On-Policy Self-Distillation for Thinking Models

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arXiv:2607. 05184v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-distillation is a promising recipe for self-improvement in language models.

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arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 18

What Does Privileged Information Add to On-Policy Self-Distillation?

The paper investigates how privileged information—such as a teacher’s full solution or reasoning trace—affects on‑policy self‑distillation (OPSD) in language models. Using the AMPLE‑Math benchmark, the authors compare distillation with and without extra teacher views, finding that reference‑free distillation explains most gains for Qwen3‑1.7B, while additional references provide modest benefits, especially for polished solutions. The study also shows that the impact of privileged data depends on the student’s training regime and that altering token‑level supervision can leave student behavior largely unchanged.

By XiuYu Zhang, Wei Chow, Junfeng Fang, Zhenkai Liang, Tat-Seng Chua
arXiv Computation and Language
3d ago

Diagnosing On-Policy Self-Distillation for Reasoning Language Models

The paper investigates on‑policy self‑distillation (OPSD) as a method to enhance reasoning in language models, focusing on mathematical reasoning across models from 0.6B to 8B parameters. Through controlled experiments and token‑level analysis, the authors find that OPSD’s effectiveness depends on alignment between the teacher’s reasoning mode and the full teacher prefix, rather than on privileged semantics alone. They observe that OPSD only improves reasoning in limited compatibility regimes, while often causing length growth, degradation, or behavioral collapse, and that the teacher’s signal is unstable and not predictive of downstream performance.

By Yang Li, Gongle Xue, Yuheng Yuan, Yijia Guo, Shizhe Zhang, Liwen Hu, Lei Ma