The paper introduces a hypothesis testing framework for adaptive auditing of AI systems, addressing the challenge of limited, opportunistically collected data. It defines two competing null hypotheses—one from the model’s perspective and one from the auditor’s—and uses Safe Anytime-Valid Inference (SAVI) to perform betting-based tests that yield simultaneous e-processes. The authors prove that, with a powerful auditor, the two hypotheses become asymptotically inverse, allowing a global robustness certification, and demonstrate empirically that their methods control Type‑I error and can reach conclusions with as few as 20 observations.
By Siyu Zhou, Patrick Vossler, Venkatesh Sivaraman, Yifan Mai, Jean Feng
arXiv:2606. 30338v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: External evaluations are becoming increasingly central to the governance of AI systems.
By Ioannis Pitsiorlas, Martha V. Sourla, Marios Kountouris
PROBE is an algorithm that trains language‑model auditors to probe deployed tool‑using agents for policy violations through realistic, multi‑turn, tool‑mediated dialogue. By framing auditing as a two‑player Markov game and using a composite reward that balances violation discovery, behavioral plausibility, conversation progress, and policy diversity, PROBE outperforms zero‑shot adversaries in uncovering broader and higher‑yield policy violations. The study compares GRPO, DPO, and GFlowNet optimizations, demonstrating that multi‑turn behavioral auditing is a distinct and necessary axis of agent evaluation, complementing existing capability and safety benchmarks.
By Kshitij Mishra, Abhijith Sharma, Nils Lukas, Salem Lahlou
arXiv:2608. 05490v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous agents now carry out entire data analyses, selecting cohorts, joining tables, and fitting models with little step-by-step supervision.
By Ahmed Hassoon, Mark Dredze
arXiv:2602. 13213v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Commercial insurance underwriting is a labor-intensive process that requires manual review of extensive documentation to assess risk and determine policy pricing.
By Joyjit Roy, Samaresh Kumar Singh
arXiv:2608. 04365v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Audits have emerged as a critical instrument for algorithmic governance, providing a mechanism for external scrutiny and governance of machine learning models.
By Augustin Godinot, Sofiane Azogagh, Julien Ferry, S\'ebastien Gambs