arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 23

One Pretrained Decision Model Is Enough for Training-Free Generalist Graph Anomaly Detection

The paper introduces Jev-GAD, a training‑free generalist graph anomaly detection framework that combines complementary structural, attribute, and neighborhood evidence with a single frozen pretrained language model for anomaly assessment. It transforms heterogeneous statistics into graph‑relative percentiles and uses a semantic Graph‑to‑State (G2S) transformation to feed evidence into a non‑generative decision readout, fusing the resulting scores with four statistical measures. Experiments on seven benchmark datasets show Jev‑GAD achieving high AUROC (89.18%) and AUPRC (52.40%) scores, demonstrating the effectiveness of pretrained decision readout and semantic evidence grounding.

By Xinyu Zhao, Qingyun Sun, Ziwei Zhang, Tianchen Zhu, Daqing Li, Jianxin Li
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 30

When Rule Violations Are Rare: Chimera Training for Logical Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2605. 26171v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Many practical anomalies are not merely rare inputs, but violations of semantic constraints: objects co-occur in structured ways, actions imply preconditions, and events satisfy temporal or relational regularities.

By Alejandro Ascarate, Leo Lebrat, Rodrigo Santa Cruz, Clinton Fookes, Olivier Salvado
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 19

Universal Semantic Enhancement for Weakly Supervised Anomaly Detection

The paper introduces a weakly supervised anomaly detection approach for tabular data that leverages universal semantic knowledge from a pre-trained foundation model and domain-specific features learned from the target dataset. A prototype‑conditioned modulation mechanism fuses these complementary representations, enabling them to reinforce each other for better anomaly detection. Experiments on public datasets demonstrate that the method outperforms existing competitors when only eight labeled anomalies are used during training.

By Siyu Zhou, Yuqin Xie, Hao Yuan, Yingjie Zhou