arXiv AI By Runyu Wang, Bo Liu, Xiaxin Zhang, Yu Han, Jiawei Cao, Xiaoye Zhang, Zhe Zhang, Yifan Yang, Peng Ping

RACE: Scalable Statistical Estimation of Functional Consistency in LLM Neurons

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RACE (Residual Alignment for Consistency Estimation) is a forward‑pass statistical framework that assesses the domain‑wide functional consistency of Transformer neurons. It outperforms gradient‑based point estimates in terms of domain specificity and shows a clear association between selected neurons and target domains through token‑distribution experiments. Importantly, RACE’s computational overhead is two orders of magnitude lower than that of gradient‑based methods, enabling scalable domain‑wide analysis.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 22

SYNAPSE: Framework for Neuron Analysis and Perturbation in Sequence Encoding

SYNAPSE is a training‑free framework that probes Transformer models by extracting per‑layer [CLS] representations, ranking neurons with a lightweight linear probe, and applying forward‑hook interventions during inference. It enables controlled, repeatable experiments on internal representations without altering the original model, revealing that task‑relevant information is encoded in broad, overlapping neuron subsets and that small weight or logit manipulations can redirect predictions. The framework highlights functional stability, class‑specific specialization, and complementary vulnerability profiles across domains.

By Jes\'us S\'anchez Ochoa, Enrique Tom\'as Mart\'inez Beltr\'an, Alberto Huertas Celdr\'an
arXiv Machine Learning
4d ago

Capturing Membrane Dynamics and Spike Timing of Human Neurons at Scale using Neural Operators

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By Luca Ghafourpour, Cindy Zhao, Valentin Duruisseaux, Bahareh Tolooshams, Philip H. Wong, Costas A. Anastassiou, Anima Anandkumar