arXiv AI By Anusha Madapura, Aditya Kommineni, Shrikanth Narayanan

Quantifying Trait-State Hierarchy in EEG Foundation Model and Signal Processing Embeddings

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The paper investigates how EEG embeddings from signal processing and foundation models encode trait and state information. Using a hierarchy metric and kNN purity on a BCI dataset, it finds that most embeddings form a macro‑trait hierarchy with micro‑states inside, which hampers state discrimination. Normalizing embeddings reduces trait leakage and improves state classification accuracy by about 10%, and fine‑tuning shifts the hierarchy toward macro‑state organization, enhancing decoding performance.

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