QF3: Fast Flow RL with Filtered Q-Gradients
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QF3 (Fast Flow RL with Filtered Q-Gradients) is an online off‑policy reinforcement learning algorithm that trains flow policies by combining flow matching with the critic’s action gradient, backpropagated through a one‑step prediction of the flow output. It selectively applies the critic gradient only to action dimensions close to the replay action to ensure reliable updates. QF3 is the first off‑policy flow RL method to train humanoid locomotion policies from scratch and transfer them zero‑shot to hardware, achieving a 10× wall‑clock speedup over the on‑policy FPO++ method, and it can also fine‑tune pretrained flow‑based manipulation policies on ABC‑Sim and Robomimic tasks.
The paper introduces Q‑Learning with Scalar Adjoint Matching (SQAM), a method that replaces expensive per‑step vector–Jacobian products in flow policy fine‑tuning with a closed‑form scalar adjoint that scales the value gradient by flow time. SQAM also incorporates a value penalty on policy‑generated actions, which is shown to be crucial for effective learning. Experiments demonstrate that SQAM outperforms strong baselines on the hardest OGBench domains and improves supervised fine‑tuning on a real bimanual robot with a vision‑language‑action policy.
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