arXiv AI By Aleksandra Urman, Elsa Lichtenegger, Salima Jaoua, Azza Bouleimen, Robin Forsberg, Corinna Hertweck, Stefania Ionescu, Nicol\`o Pagan, Ancsa Hannak, Joachim Baumann

Prompt Revision as a Source of Cultural Bias in Text-to-Image Systems

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The paper "Prompt Revision as a Source of Cultural Bias in Text-to-Image Systems" investigates how commercial text‑to‑image models silently modify user prompts before generating images, a step that is often hidden from users. Using the multilingual benchmark WORLDVIEW, the authors audit the revision layer in DALL‑E‑3, Imagen‑4, and GPT‑Image‑1.5, finding that non‑Western and non‑Anglophone contexts are disproportionately marked, reduced to narrow vocabularies, and stereotyped. The study demonstrates that the revision layer itself is a previously undocumented causal source of cultural stereotyping, underscoring the need to audit deployed systems rather than just the underlying models.

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The State and Fate of Multilingual, Contextual Evaluation in the NLP World

The paper audits 51 multilingual evaluation benchmarks covering 242 datasets and 219 languages, focusing on coverage, representativeness, and rigor. It finds that while coverage is broad, many languages appear in only one benchmark and entire regions are underrepresented, with low-resource languages evaluated on far fewer tasks than high-resource ones. The study also highlights that most datasets rely on English translations, creating artifacts and limiting cultural relevance, and that benchmark contamination through translation leakage and corpus overlap undermines rigor. Recommendations call for natively constructed, culturally grounded, contamination-aware evaluation frameworks that truly serve the communities they aim to assess.