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arXiv Machine Learning By Arvasu Kulkarni, Mahir Jain, Aditya Ray Mishra, Sandeep Singh, Siddharth Panwar

PPG-Bench: A Unified Benchmark for PPG Foundation Models

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PPG-Bench is an open‑source benchmark that evaluates five publicly available photoplethysmography (PPG) foundation models across nine datasets and 26 tasks, covering cardiovascular state estimation, activity, sleep, screening, and identification. The benchmark tests models under four downstream regimes—linear probing, random forests, frozen MLP probes, and end‑to‑end finetuning—while also comparing them to three controls: a random/constant baseline, a deterministic pulse‑rate‑variability feature set, and a generic time‑series foundation model (MOMENT). Results show that over a third of task‑regime combinations yield no advantage for any PPG foundation model over the baseline, and in most cases no PPG‑specific model outperforms the simple controls, indicating that current PPG foundation models lack generalised, transferable representations.

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