Reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning is widely used in language model training to improve model performance on a target task while limiting drift from a reference policy. A standard way to balance this trade-off is via a KL-regularized RL objective, although this formulation does not by itself provide a principled way to set the regularization coefficient.
arXiv:2602. 18037v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) or Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) are two key steps in the post-training of modern Language Models (LMs).
By Johannes Ackermann, Michael Noukhovitch, Takashi Ishida, Masashi Sugiyama
arXiv:2606. 01382v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Preference alignment is central to improving large language models, but standard reward-based formulations can be restrictive when human preferences are cyclic, non-transitive, or otherwise not representable by a scalar reward.
By Tianlong Nan, Xiaopeng Li, Christian Kroer, Tianyi Lin
arXiv:2608. 01743v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a central paradigm for large language model (LLM) post-training, but optimization toward new objectives can degrade capabilities already present in the base model.
By Li Wang, Xiaodong Lu, Xiaohan Wang, Jiajun Chai, Wei Lin, Tianhao Peng, Guojun Yin
arXiv:2606. 03962v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Classical reinforcement learning (RL) typically seeks a deterministic policy that maximizes the expected sum of a scalar reward.
By Anthony GX-Chen, Ankit Anand, Gheorghe Comanici, Zaheer Abbas, Eser Ayg\"un, David Smalling, Shibl Mourad, Doina Precup, Andr\'e Barreto, Mark Rowland
arXiv:2511. 23310v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as an effective paradigm for post-training large language models, yet the design of its baselines and learning-rate schedules remains largely heuristic.
By Zixun Huang, Jiayi Sheng, Zeyu Zheng