arXiv Machine Learning By Steven Golob, Sikha Pentyala, Martine De Cock

Portable Causal Fairness Across Synthetic Data Generator Families

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The paper demonstrates that causal fairness mechanisms can be applied across a wide range of synthetic data generators, including marginal‑based, GAN, and diffusion models, each with differentially private variants. By porting three fairness definitions to nine generators and testing them on Adult and COMPAS datasets, the authors show that the causal diffusion backbone consistently produces the fairest data releases while maintaining high fidelity. The fairness cuts have minimal impact on data quality, costing downstream classifiers only about $0.07$ to $0.15$ AUC on average, and adding privacy guarantees does not reduce fairness.

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