arXiv Machine Learning By Zhanqi Zhang, Mikio Aoi, Gal Mishne

NEST: Nested Embedding Representation for Multiscale Clustering

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NEST is an unsupervised framework that learns a single embedding encoding coarse‑to‑fine cluster structure, optimizing clustering and separation across nested prefix subspaces. The method uses rank and within‑cluster regularization to prevent collapse, and distances in the embedding align more closely with the true hierarchy than the input distances, even though the hierarchy is not provided during training. Experiments on synthetic, vision, text, and single‑cell data show that NEST can recover multiscale structure given only the number of clusters per level, demonstrating its ability to discover multiscale organization in real‑world representations.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 26

How to Achieve the Intended Aim of Deep Clustering Now, without Deep Learning

The paper examines whether Deep Embedded Clustering (DEC) truly overcomes the fundamental limitations of k‑means clustering, such as handling clusters of arbitrary shapes, varied sizes, and densities. Through analysis, it finds that DEC does not exploit the underlying data distribution and therefore fails to address these limitations. Instead, a non‑deep learning approach that leverages distributional information of clusters can achieve the intended goals of deep clustering.

By Kai Ming Ting, Wei-Jie Xu, Hang Zhang