arXiv Machine Learning By Kai Ming Ting, Wei-Jie Xu, Hang Zhang

How to Achieve the Intended Aim of Deep Clustering Now, without Deep Learning

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The paper examines whether Deep Embedded Clustering (DEC) truly overcomes the fundamental limitations of k‑means clustering, such as handling clusters of arbitrary shapes, varied sizes, and densities. Through analysis, it finds that DEC does not exploit the underlying data distribution and therefore fails to address these limitations. Instead, a non‑deep learning approach that leverages distributional information of clusters can achieve the intended goals of deep clustering.

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