arXiv:2512. 19510v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Conditional independence (CI) is central to causal inference, feature selection, and graphical modeling, yet it is untestable in many settings without additional assumptions.
By Alek Fr\"ohlich, Vladimir R. Kostic, Karim Lounici, Daniel Perazzo, Daniel Tiezzi, Massimiliano Pontil
arXiv:2606. 18011v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Constraint-based causal discovery relies on repeated conditional independence tests, but fast nonparametric tests often sacrifice calibration, especially when variables depend on the conditioning set through nonlinear relationships.
By Eric V. Strobl
arXiv:2608. 11156v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Conditional Independence (CI) tests are the statistical engine of constraint-based causal discovery: in algorithms such as PC (Peter-Clark) and FCI (Fast Causal Inference), skeleton pruning and key orientations follow directly from CI decisions.
By Pavel Averin, Theodoros Moysiadis, Ioannis Katakis
arXiv:2602. 01135v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Autoregressive models trained via next-token prediction implicitly learn the conditional independence structure of their data-generating process.
By Hugo Math, Rainer Lienhart
arXiv:2601. 02322v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: A common approach to out-of-distribution prediction restricts models to causal or invariant covariates to avoid spurious associations that may change across environments.
By Shuozhi Zuo, Yixin Wang
arXiv:2606. 00278v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: For many real-world systems, causal ground truth is difficult to obtain, making claims about causal effects hard to assess.
By Erik Jahn, Dominik Janzing