arXiv AI By Shuli Jiang, Khushbu Pahwa, Yuting Zhang, Yi Zhang, Wei Xia, Stefano Soatto

Learning When Human Decisions Matter: Executor-Relative Consultation Value for LLM Agents

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The paper introduces Consultation Value Distillation (CVD), a method for estimating when a large language model (LLM) should seek human input given limited consultation opportunities. CVD uses offline Monte Carlo rollouts to learn executor-dependent consultation values, then distills these into lightweight predictors that enable efficient budgeted allocation without further rollouts. Experiments across multiple batch and sequential settings show that CVD outperforms direct prompting and Value of Information approaches, achieving near‑lossless allocation with lower search costs.

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