arXiv AI By Cheng Qian, Kunlun Zhu, Beibin Li, Zhenhailong Wang, Heng Ji

Learning Meta-Skills for Agent Harness Design in Test-Time AI4AI

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The paper introduces a method for a Builder model to learn meta-skills—principles that guide when and how to provide support—to improve the execution environments of a Target model during test time. By training on feedback from the Target on a development set, the Builder constructs harnesses for new tasks using a frozen skill bank. Experiments on Harness-Bench and NewtonBench show that using the full meta-skill bank boosts macro-average performance by 8.95 percentage points compared to no-skill construction and by 12.02 points over directly delivering the same skill bank to the Target.

Machine-generated by The Flow from the publisher's headline and feed description — not written or checked by a human. The full article lives at arXiv AI.

arXiv AI
Aug 20

SPADE: Self-Play in Adaptive Synthetic Executable Environments

SPADE (Self-Play in Adaptive Synthetic Executable Environments) is a reinforcement‑learning framework where a single large language model acts as both an Environment Designer—creating executable, long‑horizon training environments—and a Reasoning Agent—learning to act within those environments. The framework uses a regret signal based on the difference between rewarded performance with and without privileged hints to guide the Designer toward environments that are challenging yet solvable. Experiments show that, when scaled to 30‑billion‑parameter models, SPADE outperforms fixed‑environment baselines by significant margins across math, science, code, and reasoning benchmarks, and improves tool‑use performance on BFCL‑v4 and ACEBench‑Agent. whyItMatters":"By making environment design a learnable component, SPADE enables continuous self‑improvement and demonstrates that adaptive, self‑generated training environments can substantially boost language‑model performance across diverse tasks."

By Bo Liu, Simon Yu, Yiding Jiang, Ao Qu, Andrew Zhao, Zichen Liu, Junsu Kim, Zijian Zhou, Seungone Kim, Tongzheng Ren, Mickel Liu, Hanfei Yu, Zhaorun Chen, Weiyan Shi, Paul Pu Liang, Luke Zettlemoyer, Yejin Choi, Natasha Jaques
arXiv AI
Oct 9

Agentic-TTT: Training test-time policy for test-time training

Agentic‑TTT introduces a test‑time policy that decides when and how to apply test‑time training (TTT) to large language models. By treating TTT procedures as tools and learning from the utility gains of its decisions, the policy can trade off performance improvements against computational cost. On a benchmark, Agentic‑TTT nearly doubles the utility of the base model, adapts to unseen domains, and demonstrates autonomous self‑improvement capabilities.

By Jiahao Lu, Mohan Kankanhalli