arXiv AI By Mengdi Liu, Chenghao Jia, Hong Chang, Mingjie He, Shiguang Shan, Xilin Chen

JANUS: Enhancing Long-Horizon Autonomous Research with Co-Evolving World Models

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JANUS is a framework that enhances long‑horizon autonomous research by integrating future outcome forecasting and past experience reflection through a Predict‑Verify‑Evolve loop powered by a co‑evolving world model. In this system, a research agent proposes candidate research paths while the world model evaluates them based on predicted value improvement, information gain, and exploration utility, guiding selection, refinement, or pruning before execution. After execution, JANUS distills feedback into evolving skills for both the agent and the world model, enabling continual co‑evolution and improved efficiency, as demonstrated by superior performance on MLS‑Bench‑Lite and real research tasks.

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