arXiv AI By Jeff A. Bilmes, Gantavya Bhatt, Arnav M. Das

How Much Is a Dataset Worth? Scaling Laws, the Vendi Score, and Matrix Spectral Functions

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arXiv:2605. 29448v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Neural scaling laws appraise data through dataset size, while the Vendi Score uses quantum entropy to measure dataset value.

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arXiv Machine Learning
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Neural Spectral Capacity: Measuring and Designing Architectures from Network Specification Alone

The paper introduces Neural Spectral Capacity (NSC), a closed‑form metric derived from the singular‑value spectrum of weight matrices that can be computed solely from a network’s architectural specification. Unlike traditional measures such as #Params and #FLOPs, NSC captures architectural structure (depth, width, head, FFN allocations) and can be evaluated without instantiating the model, data, or gradients. Using a dynamic‑programming solver (NSC‑DP), the authors demonstrate that NSC can efficiently identify architectures that outperform existing training‑free proxies across Transformer and CNN families, and achieve state‑of‑the‑art results in tasks such as WikiText‑103 and commonsense reasoning with LLaMA‑7B. whyItMatters":"NSC provides a fast, architecture‑only proxy that outperforms conventional metrics and training‑free proxies, enabling more effective design and pruning of large models without costly training or data."

By Chenyu Zhu, Ruoyu Zhao, Zhichao Lu
arXiv Machine Learning
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Fisher Information, Training and Bias in Fourier Regression Models

arXiv:2510. 06945v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Motivated by the growing interest in quantum machine learning, in particular quantum neural networks (QNNs), we study how recently introduced evaluation metrics based on the Fisher information matrix (FIM) are effective for predicting their training and prediction performance.

By Lorenzo Pastori, Veronika Eyring, Mierk Schwabe