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arXiv AI By O. Ozan Koyluoglu

Hindsight Structured Advice Distillation: Steering Executor Agents with Advisors Trained on Their Failures and Task Characteristics

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The paper introduces Hindsight Structured Advice Distillation (HSAD), a method that trains a small advisor model to generate structured guidance for a frozen executor language‑model agent. By analyzing executor failures on a training set, a teacher writes advice that would have helped, and the advisor learns to produce this advice from input alone, adding minimal latency. Experiments on the FrontierFinance benchmark show that an 8B advisor boosts the qualification rate of Samaya’s research agent from 52.9% to 56.6%, surpassing the agent’s high‑effort configuration while cutting cost per query by 37%, and the approach also improves performance on WebShop, BIRD text‑to‑SQL, and ExpertLongBench.

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