arXiv:2604. 02029v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Latent space is rapidly emerging as a native substrate for language-based models.
By Xinlei Yu, Zhangquan Chen, Yongbo He, Tianyu Fu, Guanting Dong, Cheng Yang, Chengming Xu, Yue Ma, Xiaobin Hu, Zhe Cao, Jie Xu, Guibin Zhang, Jiale Tao, Jiayi Zhang, Siyuan Ma, Kaituo Feng, Haojie Huang, Youxing Li, Ronghao Chen, Huacan Wang, Chenglin Wu, Zikun Su, Xiaogang Xu, Kelu Yao, Kun Wang, Chen Gao, Yue Liao, Ruqi Huang, Tao Jin, Zhucun Xue, Cheng Tan, Jiangning Zhang, Wenqi Ren, Yanwei Fu, Yong Liu, Yu Wang, Xiangyu Yue, Yu-Gang Jiang, Shuicheng Yan
arXiv:2607. 20485v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on standard benchmarks, yet it remains largely unexplored whether they truly meet user expectations.
By Miaomiao Li, Yang Wang, Bin Liang, Shudong Liu, Zhiwei Zhang, Kam-Fai Wong
The paper argues that calibration—how well a language model’s confidence aligns with its actual correctness—should be a standard evaluation metric for large language models (LLMs). It notes that while calibration metrics exist, they are rarely applied outside specialized NLP subfields, leading to unverified confidence scores in new models, datasets, and benchmarks. The authors highlight the risks of miscalibration both at deployment (overconfident errors causing harm) and in research workflows (affecting LLM-as-a-judge, synthetic data generation, and active learning). They call for every NLP subfield to pair its primary performance metric with a calibration score, treating calibration as an essential property of every model.
By Mario Sanz-Guerrero, Katharina von der Wense
arXiv:2606. 08044v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) safety has often been evaluated at the behavior level, which provides limited evidence of internal robustness, as these evaluations target outputs rather than representation-level vulnerability under intervention.
By Enyi Jiang, Anders Gj{\o}lbye, Yibo Jacky Zhang, Sanmi Koyejo
arXiv:2512. 06553v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We propose a statistical framework built on latent variable modeling for scaling laws of large language models (LLMs).
By Peiyao Cai, Chengyu Cui, Felipe Maia Polo, Seamus Somerstep, Leshem Choshen, Mikhail Yurochkin, Yuekai Sun, Kean Ming Tan, Gongjun Xu
arXiv:2608.29459v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Skills, as a useful abstraction for the procedural capabilities of large language models (LLMs), capture how models perform structured, multi-step reas...
By Xunyi Jiang, Junda Wu, Yuxin Xiong, Sheldon Yu, Tong Yu, David Arbour, Ritwik Sinha, Julian McAuley, Hongyi Wen