The paper introduces EMFA, a method for attributing failures in large language model-based multi-agent systems by identifying the decisive error—an agent–step pair whose correction would restore correct execution. EMFA builds a structured representation of the failed trajectory, models error propagation and persistent loops, and applies propagation-aware screening with counterfactual verification to pinpoint the decisive error. On the Who&When benchmark, EMFA outperforms prior methods, improving step-level attribution accuracy by 3.45 and 4.40 percentage points on two subsets.
By Jiaqi Liao, Yuanzhao Zhai, Huanxi Liu, Xu Zhang, Zheming Zhuang, Dawei Feng, Bo Ding, Huaimin Wang
The paper introduces EMFA, a method for pinpointing the decisive error in large‑language‑model‑based multi‑agent systems. EMFA builds a structured representation of a failed execution, models how errors cascade and loop, and then screens candidates with propagation awareness before verifying them counterfactually. On the Who&When benchmark, EMFA outperforms prior methods, improving step‑level attribution accuracy by 3.45 and 4.40 percentage points on two subsets.
The paper introduces RUPA, a trajectory‑level uncertainty quantification framework for large language model agents. RUPA models an agent’s execution as a directed graph of reasoning states, tool interactions, and environment feedback, then propagates uncertainty across this graph to capture long‑range dependencies. Experiments on benchmarks such as τ‑2, Terminal‑Bench‑2, and GAIA show that RUPA outperforms existing methods, enabling earlier failure detection and more reliable agent execution.
By Zhengzhao Ma. Boxi Cao, Yaojie Lu, Hongyu Lin, Xianpei Han, Le Sun
PropUQ-MAS is a framework for uncertainty quantification in large language model (LLM) multi‑agent systems that models the system as a communication‑structured graph. It estimates the reliability of each step by combining local uncertainty with uncertainty inherited from upstream messages, addressing the risk of error propagation in inter‑agent communication. Experiments show consistent improvements in UQ metrics, with average gains of +6.10% in AUROC and +47.58% in PRR.
By Yaokun Liu, Yifan Liu, Daniel Yue Zhang, Ruichen Yao, Zelin Li, Dong Wang
arXiv:2608.29646v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based agents have shown strong potential in solving complex tasks through multi-step reasoning, yet they remain vulnerable t...
By Jiayi Zhang, Zexin Wang, Degang Sun, Changhua Pei, Fei Sun, Gaogang Xie, Jingjing Li
arXiv:2605.17467v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Large language model-driven multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS) excel at complex tasks, yet unreliable agents remain a key bottleneck to system-level rel...
By Hezhe Qiao, Hanghang Tong, Ee-Peng Lim, Bing Liu, Guansong Pang