arXiv Machine Learning By Yifan Hong, Hongmiao Fan, Chen Wang

Decision-Making under Combinatorial Risk

Read the original on arXiv Machine Learning →

arXiv:2606. 10092v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Decision-making under risk is typically studied through single-shot lottery choices.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 16

Observational Multiplicity

The paper introduces the concept of observational multiplicity, where multiple probabilistic classifiers can perform similarly yet produce conflicting predictions, undermining interpretability and safety. It proposes measuring this arbitrariness through a regret metric that captures how predictions could shift with different training labels. The authors present a general method to estimate regret, show it varies across dataset groups, and discuss its use for safety via abstention and targeted data collection.

By Erin George, Deanna Needell, Berk Ustun
arXiv AI
Jun 9

Beyond Rational Illusion: Behaviorally Realistic Strategic Classification

arXiv:2605. 19674v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Strategic classification(SC) studies the interaction between decision models and agents who strategically manipulate their features for favorable outcomes.

By Xinpeng Lv, Yunxin Mao, Renzhe Xu, Chunyuan Zheng, Yikai Chen, Haoxuan Li, Yang Shi, Jinxuan Yang, Zhouchen Lin, Yuanlong Chen, Yuanxing Zhang, Shaowu Yang, Wenjing Yang, Haotian Wang
arXiv AI
Sep 2

LEAP: Likelihood Elicitation and Aggregation for LLM-based Probabilistic Forecasting

LEAP (Likelihood Elicitation and Aggregation for Probabilistic forecasting) is a new approach that reorganizes how evidence is used in LLM-based forecasting systems. Instead of a monolithic prediction that aggregates all evidence at once, LEAP examines each evidence item separately, elicits likelihood parameters, and combines them with an explicit prior to produce a posterior distribution. The method supports continuous, single-choice, and multi-choice forecasts and has been shown to improve prediction and calibration metrics across models on a benchmark covering forecasting, information-seeking, and browsing tasks.

By Yufei Chen, Yiran Zhao, Xiaogang Xu, Qipeng Xie, Jiafei Wu, Zhe Liu