arXiv Computation and Language By Stefan Larson, Kevin Leach

Data Quality in RVL-CDIP: A Systematic Audit

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The paper audits the RVL-CDIP document classification benchmark, uncovering that about 10.5% of its 400,000 documents have incorrect labels and that 35.2% of the test set contains duplicates or near-duplicates in the training set. It shows that identification codes on pages enable 69% classification accuracy, and removing them drops performance by 11 points; OCR engine choice can shift accuracy by 4.1 to 8.3 points. After correcting defects, 13 re‑trained models improve by 0.9 to 2.9 points, with LayoutLMv3 achieving 96.5% accuracy, and the authors release a cleaned corpus, annotations, and out‑of‑distribution data.

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