arXiv Computer Vision By Anh Thi Luu, Nick Lemke, Anirban Mukhopadhyay

Coarse to Fine: Iterative Adversarial Neural Cellular Automata for Medical Image Synthesis

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The paper introduces StyleGANCA, a lightweight neural cellular automata (NCA) based generative adversarial network designed for medical image synthesis. By combining a StyleGAN-inspired mapping network with adaptive style modulation in a multi-scale NCA framework, the model achieves high-quality image generation with far fewer parameters than existing adversarial, variational, diffusion, and NCA baselines. Experiments on BloodMNIST and PathMNIST show competitive FID and KID scores, and the synthetic images preserve class-specific information, effectively supporting downstream multi-class classifier training.

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