CNeo-Bench: Diagnosing Large Language Models on Chinese Neologisms

CNeo-Bench is a new benchmark comprising 4,759 Chinese neologisms, each with reference definitions and categorized by linguistic mechanisms such as phonetic substitution and visual character decomposition. The benchmark includes a two-tier evaluation framework that tests whether models can describe a neologism and whether they can manipulate its underlying mechanism. Evaluation of 18 large language models shows that most perform poorly on definition generation (below 40%) and exhibit a recognition‑manipulation gap, often paraphrasing rather than restoring the original form; few‑shot prompting helps but does not fully resolve the errors.

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• llms
• robotics
• benchmarks