Characterizing Language Generation in the Limit: Finite Witnesses and a Separation-Width Hierarchy
Read the original on arXiv Machine Learning →The paper studies the problem of language generation in the limit, where a learner must produce valid unseen elements from any exhaustive positive presentation of an unknown infinite language. It establishes that generation is possible precisely when each target language admits a finite positive witness such that all targets activated by any finite sample share an infinite common intersection. The authors introduce a separation-width hierarchy to measure the size of compatible witnesses, showing that every level of the hierarchy occurs and that countable families admit singleton witnesses while more complex families require unbounded finite witnesses. The results are formalized and verified in Lean, with the development available on GitHub.
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