arXiv Machine Learning

Space-Efficient Language Generation in the Limit

arXiv:2606. 25777v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We initiate a resource-aware theory of \textit{language generation in the limit} under the minimal constraint of space efficiency.

arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 28

Hallucination Rates in Language Generation

arXiv:2607. 23361v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language generation in the limit is an elegant model introduced by Kleinberg and Mullainathan [KM24] to formally study language generation by an algorithm that learns solely based on example strings.

By Debmalya Panigrahi, Fan Wei, Ian Zhang
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 8

Boosting with List-Decodable Codes

arXiv:2607. 05791v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Boosting is a fundamental technique for generically improving the accuracy of learning algorithms (Schapire 1989).

By Addison Prairie, Li-Yang Tan
arXiv AI
Sep 21

Large Language Models As Shannon Lossy Compressors Not Solomonoff Induction Estimators: The Singularity Is Not Near Without Symbolic Model Synthesis

The paper argues that Large Language Models (LLMs) do not function as Solomonoff induction estimators because their training objectives—cross‑entropy, negative log‑likelihood, and next‑token prediction—optimize fit to a supplied conditional distribution rather than a program‑weighted universal mixture. It further contends that additional computation alone does not transform these models into optimal predictors without external hyper‑parameter or architectural changes. The authors suggest that neurosymbolic machine learning, exemplified by models such as Fable and Astra, represents a shift toward symbolic model synthesis, moving beyond purely statistical LLMs.

By Hector Zenil, Abicumaran Uthamacumaran, Luan Ozelim
arXiv AI
Aug 12

On Solomonoff Induction in Large Language Models and the Limits of Self-Improving: The Singularity Is Not Near Without Symbolic Model Synthesis

arXiv:2601. 05280v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: On the one hand, the question of whether large language models (LLMs) are Solomonoff induction estimators has become an explicit question at the intersection of Algorithmic Information Theory (AIT) and Machine Learning (ML) of great interest.

By Hector Zenil
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 15

Language Identification with Succinct Machine-Independent Traces

arXiv:2607. 12443v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Motivated by the power of large language models, there has been renewed interest in the Gold-Angluin model of language identification in the limit, with an eye toward variants of the model that might overcome the negative results for its original formulation.

By Moses Charikar, Jon Kleinberg, Chirag Pabbaraju
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 30

Generating in the Limit with Infinitely Many Hallucinations

arXiv:2606. 28354v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The classic paradigm of language identification in the limit models learning as a game between an adversary, who reveals strings from an unknown target language, and a learner tasked with identifying that language.

By Irene Strauss, Alexandra Butoi, Ryan Cotterell
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 10

Length Generalization for Transformers via Compression

arXiv:2609.08851v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advancements in transformer length generalization theory enable us to reliably predict when a transformer can learn to solve a task. In particul...

By Georg Zetzsche, Hongjian Jiang, Andy Yang, Pascal Bergstr\"a{\ss}er, Marco S\"alzer, David Chiang, Anthony W. Lin