arXiv:2606. 10703v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Interpretability methods routinely use population-level summary statistics over observed model behaviour to license claims about the effects of targeted interventions on specific computations; in Pearl's terms, they treat rung-1 associational evidence as if it supported rung-2 interventional conclusions, a move whose validity is rarely tested.
By Leonard Engmann, Christian Medeiros Adriano, Holger Giese
arXiv:2606. 27510v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Activation patching is the primary tool in mechanistic interpretability.
By Sankaran Vaidyanathan, David Arbour, Aaron Mueller, Scott Niekum, David Jensen
arXiv:2606. 08275v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When an LLM agent fails -- issues a refund it should not have, calls the wrong tool, leaks data -- existing tooling answers what happened (observability) or whether it passed (evaluation), but not which step caused the failure.
By Jaineet Shah
arXiv:2603. 01372v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enhance the interpretability of end-to-end neural networks by introducing a layer of concepts and predicting the class label from the concept predictions.
By Weixin Chen, Han Zhao
Aligned language models routinely misreport under non-evidential incentive pressure: they agree with a confident user or overstate certainty even when their internal belief is unchanged. We cast this as a failure of internal incentive-compatibility (IC) and present a method for learning and certifying counterfactual report mediators that hold a model's reports to a causal contract: invariant to forbidden influences (pressure, prestige, restyling) and responsive to licensed ones (genuine evidence).
arXiv:2607. 00267v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A central goal of science is to produce valid explanations of complex systems: high-level causal accounts that faithfully reflect the behavior of lower-level mechanisms.
By Maxime M\'eloux, Tiago Pimentel, Fran\c{c}ois Portet, Maxime Peyrard