arXiv Machine Learning By Dwi Sunaryono

BRIDGE: An Acceptance Gate to Block False Improvements in Model Updates, with a Retrospective Clinical Evaluation

Read the original on arXiv Machine Learning →

BRIDGE is a model‑agnostic acceptance gate that filters model updates by cross‑fitting and bootstrap bounds, aiming to prevent false improvements that arise when validation gains do not translate to new data. Across multiple settings—including 11 new datasets, synthetic tasks, 12 retrospective clinical tasks, and 39 supporting datasets—BRIDGE reduces false‑improvement rates from roughly 19–25% with a naive rule to as low as 0–1.1%. The method also yields higher mean gains per deployed update, achieving 1.8 to 3.1 times the naive rule’s performance.

Machine-generated by The Flow from the publisher's headline and feed description — not written or checked by a human. The full article lives at arXiv Machine Learning.

arXiv AI
Oct 16

Auditing Escalation Reliability in Healthcare LLM Agents: A Perturbation-Controlled Benchmark of Workflow-State Failures

The paper introduces a benchmark of 400 synthetic healthcare workflow episodes to evaluate large language model (LLM) agents’ reliability in escalating care when evidence is missing or conflicting. It finds that while clean decision accuracy is high (0.97), models miss a large proportion of necessary escalations (32–97%) under uncertainty, and even the largest 9.7B model’s performance drops to 0.78 in conflict scenarios. A workflow-aware controller improves utility and reduces missed escalations, but its effectiveness is limited by lexical generalization failures.

By Zihao Zheng (Washington University in St. Louis), Junyi Yao (Washington University in St. Louis), Baichuan Li (Southern Methodist University), Jiayu Long (Washington University in St. Louis)
arXiv AI
Oct 27

Trainable Boundary-Keeping Where No Formal Answer Exists: A Controlled Knock-In Study of Reward Training in Evidence-Sufficiency Judgment

The study evaluates whether reward‑trained language models can learn to keep evidence‑sufficiency boundaries without a formal correctness signal. Using a controlled knock‑in design, a boundary‑keeping recipe (SFT followed by GRPO) dramatically increased spontaneous correct refusals from 25 % to 100 %, while a scrambled‑pairing placebo collapsed performance. The results show that final boundary‑keeping is trainable without an inference‑time verifier, though active numeric checking remains negligible.

By YaJie Yin
arXiv AI
Oct 15

Audit Before You Update: Recording Artifacts and the Limits of Bounded Model Updates in MIMIC-IV ICU Prediction

The paper investigates how to evaluate bounded model updates for ICU prediction models using the MIMIC‑IV database. After auditing the data for recording artifacts and cleaning it, the authors compare a bounded update that retrains only treatment‑context and fusion parameters with full fine‑tuning across two model families and two targets, finding that bounded updates are non‑inferior or superior in most cases but depend on target, model family, and learning‑rate tuning. The study also shows that audits should precede update evaluation and that the update boundary should be chosen per target.

By Fatema Ferdous Tamanna, K. M. Merajul Arefin, Md. Abdul Masud