arXiv Machine Learning By Pengfei Lyu, Zhengchi Ma, Linjun Zhang, Anru R. Zhang

Bias-Corrected Data Synthesis for Imbalanced Learning

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The paper introduces a bias‑correction method for synthetic oversampling in imbalanced learning. It estimates the loss discrepancy caused by the data generator using a held‑out majority subset and transfers this correction to the minority class under a uniform bias‑transfer assumption. The authors provide finite‑sample bounds for bias transfer and excess balanced risk, identify when SMOTE introduces significant bias, and demonstrate the method’s applicability to multi‑task learning and propensity‑score estimation, with empirical results showing greatest benefit when synthetic distortion is large.

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