arXiv Computer Vision By Bugra Alperen Uluirmak, Rifat Kurban

BG-REAL: A Public Real-Data Anchored Benchmark for Background Manipulation Detection and Localization

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BG-REAL is a public benchmark for detecting and localizing background manipulations in images, built from Open Images V7 with 7,000 processed samples across 1,200 source groups. It includes 6,000 real-data anchored samples, 1,000 synthetic controls, six edit families, matched authentic controls, and extensive quality‑control measures. The release offers a construction pipeline, evaluation protocol, and three external baseline results, highlighting false‑positive rates due to re‑encoding artifacts.

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