Beyond Black Boxes: Visual Grounding for Text Embeddings

The paper proposes a sketch-based visual grounding framework that converts text embeddings into topographic sketches to enhance visualization, explainability, and information retrieval. It evaluates the method on the MS-COCO dataset, finding that while SBERT outperforms the sketch-based approach in top‑1 retrieval, the two methods achieve comparable top‑5 results, and a cascaded combination improves performance further. The study suggests that sketch-based representations could be valuable for retrieval tasks if trained directly on text.

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