arXiv:2610.18529v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Jev has attracted considerable attention for its rapid, generalizable decision-making, yet its medical reliability remains underexplored. To addres...
By Yanrui Du, Danyang Zhao, Sendong Zhao, Wenhao Li, Yibo Gao, Haochun Wang, Zhuoer Xu, Shiwen Cui, Bing Qin
The paper introduces Clinical System One (CS1), a 4‑billion‑parameter decision model that rapidly produces typed judgments from clinical records. Trained on 12.4 million Q&A pairs from 3.6 million patients, CS1 can answer multiple questions in a single forward pass, providing probability estimates for uncertain cases. In evaluations on 963,408 held‑out patients and 21 external datasets, CS1 outperformed larger open models and, when paired with a language‑model agent, efficiently identified trial‑eligible patients with far fewer tokens.
By Andrew Zhang, Trinh T. L. Vuong, Sophia J. Wagner, Dongmin Bang, Tong Ding, Yuchang Su, Mary Cipperman, Christina S. Chen, Judith Lefkes, Ramin Kahidi, Ming Y. Lu, Caiwei Tian, Tianhao Luo, Jingnan Ma, Rowland Pettit, Long Phi Le, Faisal Mahmood
RetiJev is a family of 0.8B‑9B decision models designed for ophthalmic clinical decision support, offering fast, accurate, and privacy‑preserving inference without autoregressive decoding. The authors created RetiJev‑Data, a source‑grounded corpus of 78,158 clinical‑decision and diagnosis questions, 50,074 guideline‑grading questions, and a 24,662‑question evaluation benchmark. RetiJev outperforms a 27B LLM and the commercial Jev 1.13 model on guideline grading and clinical decisions, achieving the highest accuracy while answering a case in 158 ms on a single GPU—3.5× faster than LLM generation and 470× faster than reasoning.
By Bo Liu, Lianyu Wang, Meng Wang, Ching-Yu Cheng, Huazhu Fu
The study evaluates four zero‑shot System 1 models on 86 public clinical tasks across 14 domains and 20 languages, measuring performance via AUROC. The best models achieved high AUROC scores—0.94 for medical knowledge, 0.93 for text understanding, 0.83 for clinical judgement from text, 0.89 for image perception, 0.84 for 2D image findings, and 0.69 for volumetric findings—yet performed worse on imaging tasks and varied significantly with language. System 1 models were fast (0.34–0.44 s) and energy‑efficient (24–81 J) but lagged behind clinicians on triage and were outperformed by generative models in some metrics.
By Xiufeng Yang, Konstantinos Vrettos, Zeineb Ben Chaaben, Fabian Drexel, Jannik L\"ubberstedt, Johannes Moll, Anirudh Narayanan, Frederike Stumpf, Cosmin I. Bercea, Jiawen Wang, Evangelia E. Vassalou, Krischan Braitsch, Sebastian Ziegelmayer, Markus Graf, Marcus R. Makowski, Lisa Adams, Nassir Navab, Michail E. Klontzas, Keno Bressem
arXiv:2609.14825v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are often deemed unsafe for clinical question answering because of their tendency to hallucinate. Retrieval augmentation...
By Zeyu Dong, Benjamin Wang, Joyee W. Jin
Many clinical decisions are a choice among a few fixed options, taken quickly and in large numbers. Such decisions also need an uncertainty estimate to know when to defer to a clinician. Generative la...